Modern ideas about the phenomenon of spontaneous regression of hemangiomas in children
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15574/PP.2025.1(101).124134Keywords:
infantile hemangioma, spontaneous involution, children, surgical intervention, treatment algorithm, dynamic observation, malformationAbstract
Hemangioma is the most common tumor in the newborn period, which is a benign vascular growth that consists of densely located capillaries represented by endothelial cells and pericytes, in the form of a lobular pattern with the presence of mast cells.
Aim - to highlight the current views on the peculiarities of the phenomenon of spontaneous regression in children with superficial hemangioma, the diagnosis and treatment of heart diseases according to the literature sources and personal experience.
The analysis of modern literary sources confirms the fact that if the involution of infantile hemangiomas did not take place before 5-6 years, its complete regression should not be expected; only 4-10% of capillary hemangiomas undergo spontaneous regression and only in full-term children, and cavernous and combined neoplasms do not regress. Considering the uncertainty of the prognosis of the course of hemangiomas in children, their unpredictable involutional behavior, possible residual degenerative skin changes and other complications in the process of spontaneous regression, early treatment of the pathology has gained consensus. When choosing a method of treating infantile hemangiomas, it is necessary to critically evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment method, its side effects, and the possibility of permanent cosmetic defects. Based on such potential limitations, domestic specialists proposed an algorithm for the treatment of infantile hemangiomas. The article presents two clinical cases that convincingly prove the absence of spontaneous involution in these patients, and the futile waiting for it and the lack of early treatment led to the need for surgical intervention due to the complicated course of the pathological process, with certain cosmetic losses.
Conclusions. Taking into account the analysis of literature sources, which testify to a small percentage of infantile hemangiomas, which are prone to the tendency of their complete reverse development or have statistical uncertainty in this matter, and the possibility of certain complications and cosmetic losses in the process of spontaneous involution, the choice of treatment tactics should be individual. if necessary, as early as possible, which has a decisive influence on improving the quality of life of patients in the process of their growth.
The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. Informed consent was obtained from the patients for conducting the study.
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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